BioAcyl Corp
BioAcyl Corp |
|
 |
 |
 |
|
Lebeau, G., Ah-Pine, F., & Daniel, M. (2022). Perivascular mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, an immune privileged niche for viruses? International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(8038). Added by: Dr. Enrique Feoli (10/07/2025, 22:39) Last edited by: Dr. Enrique Feoli (12/09/2025, 16:40) |
 |
| Resource type: Journal Article DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148038 ID no. (ISBN etc.): 1422-0067 BibTeX citation key: Lebeau2022 View all bibliographic details  |
Categories: BioAcyl Corp Subcategories: Perivascular microenvironment Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells Creators: Ah-Pine, Daniel, Lebeau Collection: International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Views: 5/29
|
| Abstract |
|
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a critical role in response to stress such as infection. They initiate the removal of cell debris, exert major immunoregulatory activities, control pathogens, and lead to a remodeling/scarring phase. Thus, host-derived ‘danger’ factors released from damaged/infected cells (called alarmins, e.g., HMGB1, ATP, DNA) as well as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (LPS, single strand RNA) can activate MSCs located in the parenchyma and around vessels to upregulate the expression of growth factors and chemoattractant molecules that influence immune cell recruitment and stem cell mobilization. MSC, in an ultimate contribution to tissue repair, may also directly trans- or de-differentiate into specific cellular phenotypes such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, lipofibroblasts, myofibroblasts, Schwann cells, and they may somehow recapitulate their neural crest embryonic origin. Failure to terminate such repair processes induces pathological scarring, termed fibrosis, or vascular calcification. Interestingly, many viruses and particularly those associated to chronic infection and inflammation may hijack and polarize MSC’s immune regulatory activities. Several reports argue that MSC may constitute immune privileged sanctuaries for viruses and contributing to long-lasting effects posing infectious challenges, such as viruses rebounding in immunocompromised patients or following regenerative medicine therapies using MSC. We will herein review the capacity of several viruses not only to infect but also to polarize directly or indirectly the functions of MSC (immunoregulation, differentiation potential, and tissue repair) in clinical settings.
|
| Notes |
 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are derived from either he embryonic ectoderm (neural crest) or the mesoderm. MSCs can migrate along nerves and vessels during development and reside in virtually all post-natal organs and tissues. Along the nerves, MSCs are also known as non-myelinating precursor Schwann cells. Their location around vessels to form perivascular immune privileged niches has been demonstrated by several teams. MSC express several canonical markers which are differentially expressed in all major organs. CD271, GFAP, and MPZ are canonical neuroglial markers.
|
| Quotes |
|
Added by: Dr. Enrique Feoli
(2025-09-12 16:37:57)
Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells |